iPhone apps as an adjunct to supervised physiotherapy for pelvic floor muscle training in women: a content analysis

Author(s): A. Hui & L. Johnson - Pages: 38–50

Abstract

Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training can be effective in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). However, patient adherence to PFM training (PFMT) can be problematic, which may limit positive treatment outcomes. Therefore, methods that help to increase adherence to PFM exercises (PFMEs) are worthy of investigation. A novel approach is the use of smartphone applications (apps) that have been designed to promote PFMT. The aim of this paper is to compare and critically review Apple iPhone apps of this kind. A search on the UK Apple App Store was undertaken. Apps were included in the analysis if these: were compatible with the Apple iPhone; were in the English language; had a clear primary aim of teaching or promoting PFMEs; and cost £5.00 or less. Each eligible app was compared and evaluated against four key criteria: the provision of education; exercise reminders; exercise progressions; and the facility to record exercises. Twenty-three apps were included in the analysis: 11 gave accurate and detailed information and instruction; nine provided exercise reminders at frequencies recommended by key treatment guidelines; 12 offered progressive exercise levels; four allowed the recording of exercise; and three fulfilled all four key criteria. Some do appear to have a strong evidence base, and would be worthy of recommendation in clinical practice. Apps are potentially powerful tools in promoting adherence to PFMEs, and effective adjuncts to physiotherapy treatment in the management of female UI and POP.

Keywords: adherence, iPhone apps, pelvic floor muscle exercises.